Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is sensory integration?

A: Sensory integration is what the brain does by taking in information from the senses (touch, sight, hearing, taste, smell, movement {vestibular} and touch pressure {proprioception}), putting it together (comparing, integrating, combining) with information and knowledge stored in the brain which allows us to make a meaningful responses to events in our world.

Q: How can I tell if my child may have sensory integration problems?

A: Children with sensory integration problems may display various kinds of behaviors that indicate they are having problems with sensory integration. These behaviors can range from avoiding playground equipment to bumping into walls and falling but does not complain of feeling pain. If you suspect your child may be exhibiting signs of sensory integration difficulties you should contact an occupational therapist with training in this area for further consultation.

Q: The school occupational therapist has said that my son has problems with sensory defensiveness. What exactly does that mean and what kinds of behaviors can I expect to see?

A: Sensory defensiveness is considered to be a type of sensory integrative disorders in which an individual experiences an extremely negative reaction to sensory information that most individuals might not even notice (texture of clothing, bristles on a hairbrush, tags on shirts etc.). Behaviors can range from an inability to tolerate shampooing and hair brushing or combing to an inability to tolerate movement or unstable surfaces. These negative responses or fears related common sensory events (sounds, sights, touch, movement, taste, smell etc.) that impact the functioning of typical daily routines.

Q: What is a sensory diet?

A: With the help of an occupational therapist meaningful activities are developed that provide specific sensory input to assist the child in ability to be successful in her participation in daily routines and overall learning. Although direct therapeutic intervention is a key component in the process, the implementation of an individualized sensory diet regularly addresses the child’s sensory processing needs throughout the day. A sensory diet should be designed based on each child’s unique sensory processing needs.

Q: What research has been done that supports sensory integration therapy?

A: There are a number of case studies published looking at sensory integration strategies (weighted vests, sensory diets). Several researchers are exploring ways to validate sensory interventions scientifically. This is a challenging feat since sensory issues are very individual. Additionally, the terminology used varies across therapists making it difficult to consistently describe behaviors and outcomes. Standardization of the terminology used in the field is a first important step in the validation process.

Although anecdotal, the most abundant support for sensory integration therapy comes from individuals with sensory processing challenges. Parents of children who struggle with sensory issues in their daily lives and adults who have experienced these difficulties are now writing and sharing with others. We can learn from these individuals who have met these challenges and use their teachings to assist others.